An assessment of electric vehicles and vehicle to grid operations for residential microgrids

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are a rapidly growing technology which can lower greenhouse-gas emissions in the transport and energy sectors. The EV batteries discharge stored back to grid, also known as Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) support integration of variable distributed renewable generation. Previous research identified financial barriers implementation V2G, however, recent advancements battery present new opportunities make V2G viable. Using current predicted trends, this paper evaluates annual operation benefits EVs microgrid environment demonstrates different modes operation. Guided by gaps literature, one main contributions is uncover impact charging scenarios on operations. Furthermore, reveals interactions between generation coupled with utility scale over yearlong simulations assess seasonal characteristics operations, was mostly unexplored date. Simulation results indicate that an optimised improves economic system reduces levelized cost electricity up 5.7%. Additionally, provides more benefit grids higher solar proportion suggest latest have improved viability well its potential improve grid efficiency through providing additional storage capacity peak demand management.